Abstract: In order to develop green agriculture, the state advocates reducing the application of fertilizers and pesticides, and earthworm manure is widely used as a new type of bio organic fertilizer.By reviewing relevant research literature in recent years both domestically and internationally in recent years, the characteristics of earthworm manure and its impact on soil environment and crop growth were systematically summarized. It was found that earthworm manure could effectively improve soil,promote crop growth, yield the quality, and to some extent improve crop drought and disease resistance. It could also be used as a good substrate for seedling and cultivation. The current formula fertilization method was difficult to meet the needs of different regions and crop varieties. It was recommended to establish a mathematical model under the coupled simulation of multiple environmental factors, clarifying the impact mechanism of earthworm manure on soil and crops, and optimizing the application method of earthworm manure; to conduct long-term positioning experiments on earthworm manure in real agricultural environments which could better guide production practices.Earthworm manure was mainly applied to cash crops and facility agriculture. Earthworm composting tea and nano earthworm manure were valuable for further study.