Effects of different fertilizer combinations on growth and quality of substrate cultivation taste-like tomato
-
摘要: 为科学优化基质肥料配方、提升口感型番茄基质栽培条件下的产量和品质,试验在减施复合肥基础上,分别配施三种不同功能肥料,以不减施复合肥处理为对照,共设4个处理:不减施复合肥(CK)、减施复合肥+配施缓释肥(T1)、减施复合肥+配施蛋白酶肥(T2)、减施复合肥+配施高活性微生物菌肥(T3);采用袋培方式研究各处理对口感型番茄(‘高糖100’)生长、产量及品质的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,T3处理显著增加植株地上及地下部干物质积累量,单株产量增加50%以上,显著提高果实糖酸比及维生素C含量,且果实中硝酸盐含量显著降低,该处理还显著提高基质中碱解氮和有效磷含量;T1处理与对照差异不显著,T2处理效果最差。综上所述,每株番茄8 L基质占有量的袋式栽培条件下,基质施肥方案为“复合肥8 g+配施高活性微生物菌肥2 g”的T3处理可显著提高春茬口感型番茄产量和品质,提质效果明显。Abstract: In order to scientifically optimize the formula of substrate fertilizer and improve the yield and quality of tomato substrate cultivation conditions, this experiment applied three different functional fertilizers on the basis of reducing the application of compound fertilizer. The treatment without reducing the application of compound fertilizer was used as a control, and a total of four treatments were set up,no reduction of compound fertilizer(CK), reduced application of compound fertilizer+combined application of slow-release fertilizer(T1), reduced application of compound fertilizer + combined application of protein & enzyme fertilizer(T2), reduce the application of compound fertilizer and combine with the application of highly active microbial fertilizer(T3). The effects of various treatments on the growth,yield, and quality of taste-like tomato(’High Sugar 100’) were studied by using bag culture. The results showed that compared with the control group, T3 treatment significantly increased the accumulation of dry matter in the shoot and root parts of plants, increased single plant yield by more than 50%,significantly increased the sugar acid ratio and vitamin C content of fruits, and significantly reduced the nitrate content in the fruits. This treatment also significantly increased the content of alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus in the substrate. There was no significant difference between T1treatment and the control, while T2 treatment had the worst effect. In summary, under the bagged cultivation conditions of 8 L substrate per tomato plant, the T3 treatment with a substrate fertilization scheme of "8 g of compound fertilizer+2 g of highly active microbial fertilizer" could significantly improve the yield and quality of spring season taste-like tomato, and the quality improvement effect was significant.
-
Keywords:
- substrate cultivation /
- fertilizer combination /
- taste-like tomato /
- quality
-
-
[1] 朱惠芬.蔬菜有机生态型无土栽培营养生理探究[J].现代园艺, 2019(4):31-32. [2] 台连丽,张志刚,李福凯等.孔穴型式和营养液浓度对黄瓜潮汐式穴盘育苗效果的影响[J].中国蔬菜, 2016(12):26-29. [3] 李蒙,朱思远,袁童瑶,等.生物有机肥对基质肥力、酶活性及番茄生长和品质的影响[J].西南农业学报, 2023, 36(6):1260-1270. [4] 赵丹.微生物菌剂对基质培黄瓜生长、产量和品质的影响[D].南京:南京农业大学, 2020. [5] 訾利梅.不同施肥方式对小麦产量及肥料利用率的影响[J].现代农业科技, 2023(17):8-10, 20. [6] 朱宝国,匡恩俊,滕占林,等.不同生物有机肥配施化肥对大豆植株生长、抗病及产量的影响[J].新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5):1127-1133. [7] 黄文献.日光温室基质袋培辣椒水铁耦合方案研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学, 2023. [8] 李佳莹.有机生态型全营养栽培基质配方的研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学, 2017. [9] 赵玉红,康珍,孙涛,等.不同营养液供应频率对日光温室袋培辣椒产量、品质及水分利用效率的影响[J].中国蔬菜, 2021(10):79-84. [10] 蒋静静,屈锋,苏春杰,等.不同肥水耦合对黄瓜产量品质及肥料偏生产力的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2019, 52(1):86-97. [11] 蔡润,孙正梁,胡京昂,等.不同口感型番茄品种的品质鉴定及多元统计分析[J].中国蔬菜, 2023(11):87-97. [12] 杨雪松,赵海静.不同基质对黄瓜长势、产量及果实品质的影响[J].蔬菜, 2021(11):11-15. [13] 舒展,张晓素,陈娟,等.叶绿素含量测定的简化[J].植物生理学通讯, 2010, 46(4):399-402. [14] 张治安,陈展宇.植物生理学实验技术[M].长春:吉林大学出版社, 2008. [15] 王晶英.植物生理生化实验技术和原理[M].哈尔滨:东北林业大学出版社, 2003. [16] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社, 2008. [17] 刘玉连,卢红,李明,等. 2种微生物菌肥对穿心莲根际土壤理化性质、微生物数量及酶活性的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2023, 51(12):208-214. [18] 毕静静,郭宪峰,郭建党.微生物菌肥对番茄光合效能、产量及品质的影响[J].山东农业科学, 2012, 44(7):61-62, 66. [19] 刘燕,潘婷,孙萍,等.农用微生物菌肥在黄瓜上的应用效果研究[J].现代农业科技, 2020(6):60-61. [20] 于健.微生物肥在番茄基质栽培中的应用效果研究[D].兰州:甘肃农业大学, 2016. [21] 鞠舒娜,展希翔.一种新型肥料在江川农场水稻田上施用效果试验[J].现代化农业, 2021(11):17-19. [22] 吴怡,董炜华,李晓强,等.土壤酶活性对土壤环境变化的响应研究进展[J].南方农业, 2023, 17(15):42-46, 52. [23] 芮文婧,王晓敏,高艳明,等.环境对番茄果实品质和风味影响的研究进展[J].安徽农业科学, 2017, 45(6):34-36. [24] 王丹丹,齐连芬,张庆银,等.日光温室不同施肥量对番茄果实品质的影响[J].河北农业大学学报, 2019, 42(3):71-75, 87. [25] 王艳丹,方海东,李建查,等.不同水肥管理对番茄品质和产量的影响[J].农学学报, 2019, 9(6):39-45, 50. [26] 刘赵帆.微生物菌肥替代部分化肥对设施黄瓜生长、品质及产量的影响[J].北方园艺, 2022,(2):47-53. [27] Bhardwaj D, Ansari M W, Sahoo R K, et al. Biofertilizers function as key player in sustainable agriculture by improving soil fertility,plant tolerance and crop productivity[J]. Microbial Cell Factories,2014, 13:66.
[28] 方成,岳明灿,王东升,等.化肥减施配施微生物菌剂对鲜食玉米生长和土壤肥力的影响[J].土壤, 2020, 52(4):743-749. [29] Kotopoulou S, Zampelas A, Magriplis E. Dietary nitrate and nitrite and human health:a narrative review by intake source[J]. Nutrition Reviews, 2022, 80(4):762-773.
[30] 蔡东升,李建明,樊翔宇,等.基质栽培营养液氮磷钾补充水平对番茄养分吸收及产量品质影响[J].东北农业大学学报,2017, 48(1):7-14. [31] 姜钦龙,王苏影,祝飞,等.化肥减量配施复合微生物菌肥对土壤养分和水稻产量的影响[J].耕作与栽培, 2023, 43(5):49-51, 58. [31] Li X Q, Lu Q J, Li D Y, et al. Effects of different microbial fertilizers on growth and rhizosphere soil properties of corn in newly reclaimed land[J]. Plants-Basel, 2022, 11(15):1978.
[32] 蒋林沛.复合肥与生物菌肥配施对欧李生长发育的影响[D].长春:吉林农业大学, 2023. [33] 刘中良,高俊杰,闫伟强,等.磷钾配施对基质栽培番茄品质、产量及养分积累的影响[J].土壤通报, 2020, 51(2):449-454. [34] 王远,高兵倩,王珧,等. 5种不同缓释肥在盆栽菜用甘薯上的应用研究[J].西南大学学报:自然科学版, 2023, 45(10):11-20. -
期刊类型引用(3)
1. 胡冬平,唐江华,徐文修,房彦飞,罗晓颖,王怀港,王晨. 氮肥配施有机肥对半干旱区旱地小麦土壤三大菌群和酶活性及产量的影响. 南京农业大学学报. 2025(01): 144-151 . 百度学术
2. 王春勇,陈志,董艾美,闫颖,陈胜萍. 大果型番茄果实品质及产量相关性状遗传效应分析. 内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版). 2025(01): 17-23 . 百度学术
3. 张国显,王子宁,杨丽娟,富宏丹,刘义玲,李振涛,林国林,孙周平. 设施番茄栽培中氨基酸肥替代氮肥效应评估与施用策略优化. 沈阳农业大学学报. 2025(02): 42-52 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(0)
计量
- 文章访问数: 0
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 3