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3株玉米根际解磷菌筛选鉴定及促生作用研究

Screening and identification of three strains of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from maize rhizosphere and their roles in plant growth promoting effect

  • 摘要: 为获得优良的植物根际促生菌,研究其对玉米植株的促生效果。利用有机磷和无机磷固体培养基,从玉米植株根际土壤中筛选得到3株解磷能力较强的解磷菌株,通过细菌形态学鉴定和16S rRNA基因序列分析,确定菌株A23为阿氏肠杆菌(Enterobacter asburiae),菌株A24为桑树肠杆菌(Enterobacter mori),菌株H10为神户肠杆菌(Enterobacter kobei)。结果表明,菌株A23、A24和H10解有机磷能力为146.19~158.52μg·mL-1;解无机磷能力为132.29~339.18μg·mL-1。3株菌株还具有产生铁载体、合成玉米素和生长素的能力,并产生不同种类和含量有机酸。接种3株菌株的玉米植株株高、茎围、干重和鲜重等植株性状分别提高36.99%、21.32%、170.14%和102.11%。3株解磷菌株可为植物促生菌剂研制和应用提供理论基础。

     

    Abstract: In order to obtain excellent plant-growth promoting bacteria and to investigate their promoting effects on maize plants, in this study, three strains of phosphate-dissolving bacteria with strong phosphate-dissolving ability were screened from the rhizosphere soil of maize plants using solid media of organic and inorganic phosphorus. Based on bacterial morphological identification and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain A23 was identified as Enterobacter asburiae, A24 as Enterobacter mori, and H10 as Enterobacter kobei. The results showed that strains A23, A24 and H10 had the capacity to dissolve organic phosphorus ranging from 146.19 to 158.52 μg·mL-1; and the capacity to dissolve inorganic phosphorus ranging from 132.29 to 339.18 μg·mL-1. The three strains also had the ability to produce siderophore, synthesize zeatin and auxin, and produce different types and levels of organic acids. The height, stem circumference, dry weight, and fresh weight of the maize plant increased by 36.99%, 21.32%, 170.14%, and 102.11%, respectively. Therefore, the three phosphatedissolving bacteria could provide a theoretical basis for the development and application of plantpromoting bacterial agents.

     

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