Abstract: In order to solve the soil ecological environment problems caused by the long-term continuous cropping of maize in the southeastern part of Inner Mongolia, based on the 8-year field experiment research, the impact of different crop rotation systems on the yield and economic benefits of soybean and maize was analyzed. In this study, three crop planting models were set up, namely continuous maize cropping（MC）, maize-soybean rotation（M-S） and maize-maize-soybean rotation（M-M-S）. The yield and yield traits of soybean and maize were measured in autumn, and the output value benefits of different models were compared and analyzed. The results of the study showed that,compared with MC, the maize yield of M-M-S and M-S increased by 8.61% and 15.08% on average respectively, and the ear length, ear diameter and 100-seed weight of rotation maize were higher than MC. There was no significant difference in soybean yield among different rotation patterns. Compared with M-S, M-M-S had a tendency to increase soybean yield, plant height, pods per plant and 100-seed weight, and the yield increased by 13.06% on average. In drought and flood years, the effect of crop rotation on yield was greater than that of normal years. The average annual output value and cost of different models were MC＞M-M-S＞M-S. The benefits of M-M-S and MC were the same and higher than M-S, and the production-to-investment ratio was M-M-S＞MC＞M-S. Therefore, the M-M-S model in the study area has better yield and economic and ecological performance than the M-S model, and is more suitable for promotion in southeastern Inner Mongolia.