Abstract: The loading test of large aircraft is a kind of long period test in strength test, especially fatigue test. In order to reduce the test period and improve the test efficiency, the structural characteristics and force transmission characteristics of large volume aircraft cabin are analyzed, and the principle of rapid pressure charging and unloading is studied. The rapid pressure charging and unloading test technology are studied and explored in the aspects of increasing gas flow volume, improving gas flow velocity, increasing gas cross-sectional area and reducing charging volume. The study of the paper provides the feasible implementation scheme and improves the of pressure charging and unloading test technology.