Abstract: 【Objective】 In order to study the changes in agronomic traits and yields of various maize varieties under different density treatments, and to screen the identification indicators for density tolerance, to provide a theoretical basis for dense planting and high yield in Hexi oasis.【Method】 Using 10 different genotypes of maize as materials, five densities of 6.75×10~4,9.75×10~4,12.75×10~4,15.75×10~4 and 18.75×10~4 plants/hm~2 were set to study the influence of planting density on agronomic traits and yield of maize.【Result】 Maize plant height, internode length, leaf orientation value and empty rods rate increase with the increase of planting density, puncture strength, bending properties of crust, stem diameter, leaf angle, leaf width, leaf size, chlorophyll SPAD value, ear length, ear width, 100-kernel weight and ear weight showed a decreasing trend with increasing planting density.Leaf length and yield showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with increasing density, and there were significant differences among different densities and varieties.The regression equation analysis of density and yield showed that Wugu 632,Wugu 568,Ganyou 169,Wugu 318,Wugu 704,Wugu 631,Ganyou 661,CT 505,Funong 588 and Funong 340 have the highest yields at the density of 15.9×10~4,12.5×10~4,10.6×10~4,13.3×10~4,11.9×10~4,15.0×10~4,12.9×10~4,13.8×10~4,13.5×10~4 and 16.8×10~4 plants/hm~2,respectively.Under the relative values of high and low density treatments, the coefficient of variation of puncture strength, bending properties of crust, leaf angle, leaf orientation value, leaf size, empty rods rate and ear weight are higher（CV≥15%）.【Conclusion】 Density significantly affects maize agronomic traits, yield and yield components, and the response to density varies among maize indexes.Puncture strength, bending properties of crust, leaf angle, leaf orientation value, leaf size, empty rods rate and ear weight can be used as indicators for the identification of maize tolerance.