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基于主成分分析法研究不同植物生长调节剂对苹果果实品质的影响

Effects of Different Plant Growth Regulators on Apple Fruit Quality Based on Principal Component Analysis

  • 摘要: 为了筛选出对富士苹果果实品质改善效果最好的植物生长调节剂。本试验以‘富士’苹果为研究材料,分别在采前喷施20,60和100 mg·L-1 MeJA溶液;0.01 mol·L-1MDJ溶液;400,500和600μmol·L-1 ABA溶液;50,100和150μmol·L-1 ALA溶液;果喷红1 000倍液和1 500倍液,并以喷施清水为对照,对不同处理的各项品质指标进行测定,用主成分分析法进行综合分析。结果表明,与CK相比,喷施植物生长调节剂使果实中可溶性固形物、可溶性糖、类胡萝卜素含量及单果重均增加,其中T9的可溶性糖含量和T3的单果重较于CK分别显著增加了43.18%和28.88%;可滴定酸、叶绿素含量均显著降低,T9的叶绿素含量较于CK显著降低了69.74%;色泽指标L*、b*及h°值均降低,a*、C值均升高;对果形指数与硬度影响均不显著。其主成分分析的综合得分由高到低为T9>T7>T8>T1>T11>T10>T12>T5>T6>T4>T3>T2>CK。这表明T9喷施100μmol·L-1 ALA溶液对富士苹果果实品质改善的效果最好,故为生产中推荐使用的植物生长调节剂。

     

    Abstract: In order to select the best plant growth regulators to improve the fruit quality of ‘Fuji’ apple. The ‘Fuji’ apple was used as the research materials in this experiment, sprayed 20, 60, 100 mg·L-1 MeJA solution; 0.01 mol·L-1 MDJ solution; 400, 500, 600 μmol·L-1 ABA solution; 50, 100, 150 μmol·L-1 ALA solution; 1 000 times and 1 500 times liquid of Guopenhong before picking, and sprayed water as control, the quality indexes of different treatments were measured and the principal component analysis method was used for comprehensive analysis.The results showed that compared with CK, the content of soluble solid substance, soluble sugar, carotenoids and single fruit weight in the fruit increased, and the soluble sugar content of T9 and the single fruit weight of T3 significantly increased by 43.18% and 28.88% respectively compared with CK; The content of titratable acid and chlorophyll were significantly reduced, and the content of chlorophyll of T9 was significantly decreased by 69.74% compared with CK; The values of color indexes L*, b* and h°were decreased, and b* and h°were significantly decreased by 18.97% and 19.20%, respectively; Both a * and C values were increased; There was no significant effect on fruit shape index and hardness. The comprehensive score of the principal component analysis ranged from high to low as: T9>T7>T8>T1>T11>T10>T12>T5>T6>T4>T3>T2>CK. It shows that T9 spraying 100 μmol·L-1 ALA solution has the best effect on improving fruit quality of ‘Fuji’ apple, so it is the recommended plant growth regulator in production.

     

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