Abstract: In order to explore the effects of common organic materials on soil potassium form availability and crop growth, based on the types and application methods of common organic materials, this paper summarized the current application research status of organic materials, including straw, livestock manure, plant ash, biochar and green fertilizer, as well as the effects on different forms of potassium in soil and fertilizer efficiency, and put forward research prospect.There were significant differences in the effect of organic materials in different regions and soils.We should not only increase the amount of soil potassium, but also consider the bearing capacity of soil and crops, and comprehensively consider the application effect and return cost.