Abstract: Biochar is a kind of carbon-ric solid material. When it is added to the soil, it can store carbon and play an important role in increasing the carbon pool capacity and stabilizing the soil carbon pool. Inorder to further improve farmland soil, increase soil carbon storage, this paper reviewed the research on the effects of biochar on soil organic carbon pool and inorganic carbon pool. The fulure research directions and emphase of biochar were prospected, and it is suggested that the future research should first focus on specific soil environmental conditions, select appropriate biochar types and application amounts, and predict whether the application of biochar will bring negative problems; Second, in-depth study of the changes in the structure and properties of biochar after application, the mechanism of stability, and the law of influence on different soil carbon components; Third, the database of the effect of biochar on soil carbon pool was established, on the one hand, it is helpful to sum up the law of the influence of biochar on various components of soil carbon pools, on the other hand, it can provide a more convenient reference for future related research.