Abstract:
In order to enrich soybean breeding experience, further enhance the ability and level of breeding innovation, this article reviewed 76 years of breeding program and achievements in the Jiamusi Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Hefeng(Hejiao, Henong and Jiadou),series soybean varieties were bred and promoted by Jiamusi Branch. Until 2022,there were 119 varieties had been released, including varieties with different maturity types, accumulated temperate zones and variety types. The annual application area reached 800 000 to 1 000 000 ha in the heyday of soybean production, the highest planting area was 1 333 333 ha, accounting for 30%-50% of the annual soybean planting area in Heilongjiang Province. The annual promotion area stabilized at 533 333 to 666 667 ha during normal period, accounting for 20%-25% of the annual soybean planting area in Heilongjiang Province. The accumulated plangting area reached 42 000 000 ha, and the average planting area was 547 900 ha, annually, the released application expanded from Jiamusi Area to the other province and even the whole country. Hefeng 25,the variety with the largest promotion area since the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Hefeng 35(1999) and Hefeng 45(2006) were the largest promotion area in China. Hefeng 50(2010-2011) and Hefeng 55(2012-2013) were the largest promotion area in Heilongjiang province. The regional or national soybean yield records had been set seven times by four varieties(Hefeng 50,Henong 85,Henong 71 and Henong 91). Among them, the yield of Henong 71 reached 6 712.05 kg·ha
-1 at the small area, and got 4 621.5 kg·ha
-1 at the large area. It is firt time for our country to have been developed the cultivars with frogeye leaf spot resistance, they were Hefeng 27,Hefeng 28,Hefeng 29 and Hefeng 30 respectively. There were 33 varieties with oil content ≥ 22% were bred, of which Henong 77 oil content was 24.13%. The cultivars with dwarf gene(dtdt) were first develped in China, such as Hefeng 42,Henong 60,and Henong 91.The released cultivars have been awarded 31 provincial and ministerial achievements. Among them, there are 2 second prize and 1 third prize of National Science and Technology Progress award. There are 2 first prizes of science and technology progress awarded by Heilongjiang Province, and 2 prizes of major science and technology benefit awarded by Heilongjiang Province.