Abstract: Rhizosphere microorganisms play an important role in the growth, development, pathology, and other aspects of fruit trees. They have both positive and negative promoting effects, and fruit trees affect the rhizosphere microbial community through the release of rhizosphere secretions from their roots. Fruit trees and rhizosphere microorganisms interact and influence each other. Studying the interaction between them is of great significance for improving the rhizosphere microenvironment and promoting the healthy growth of fruit trees. Therefore, this article reviewed the relevant research on the interaction between fruit trees and rhizosphere microorganisms in recent years both domestically and internationally, including rhizosphere, rhizosphere microorganisms, the impact of rhizosphere microorganisms on fruit trees, and the impact of fruit trees on rhizosphere microorganisms. Based on this, future research directions are also prospected.