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种植密度和施氮量对龙粳57生长发育及产量的影响

Effects of Planting Density and Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Amount on Growth and Yield of Longjing 57

  • 摘要: 为明确水稻品种龙粳57的适宜栽培模式,以糯稻品种龙粳57为试验材料,设置2个种植密度(20和24穴·m-2)、4个施氮量0kg·hm-2(N0)、115kg·hm-2(N1)、138kg·hm-2(N2)和161kg·hm-2(N3),探究种植密度与施氮水平对糯稻品种龙粳57不同时期的叶面积指数、光合势、干物质积累、产量及氮素利用效率的影响。结果表明:同一种植密度条件下,氮肥施用水平对不同时期叶面积指数、光合势、茎鞘物质输出率、穗数、产量和氮素利用效率影响显著;同一施氮水平下,增加种植密度后龙粳57的不同时期叶面积指数、茎鞘物质输出率、穗数、千粒重、产量和氮素利用效率等指标均有不同程度的提高。因此,应根据品种选择适宜的种植密度和施氮量,以便更好地发挥品种特性,提高光能利用率和养分利用效率,从而获得更高的产量。综合产量指标和氮素利用效率得出,龙粳57的适宜栽培模式为密度24穴·m-2,施氮量115kg·hm-2

     

    Abstract: In order to clarify the appropriate cultivation model of rice variety Longjing 57,the glutinous rice variety Longjing 57was used as the test material,set two planting densities(20and 24holes·m-2),and four nitrogen application rates(N0-0kg·ha-1,N1-115kg·ha-1,N2-138kg·ha-1 and N3-161kg·ha-1),to explore the effects of planting density and nitrogen application amount on the leaf area index,photometric combination,dry matter accumulation,yield and nitrogen utilization efficiency of the glutinous rice variety Longjing 57.The results showed that under the same planting density,the nitrogen fertilizer application amount had significant effects on leaf area index,photosynthetic potential,stem and sheath material output rate,panicles number,yield,and nitrogen use efficiency.As planting density increased,the leaf area index,stem and sheath material output rate,number of panicles,1 000-grain weight,yield and nitrogen use efficiency of Longjing 57improved in different degrees.Therefore,according to the characteristics of the variety,choosing the appropriate planting density and nitrogen application rate could exert the characteristics of the variety better,improve the light energy utilization and nutrient utilization efficiency,and obtain higher yields.Integrated yield index and nitrogen utilization efficiency,the suitable cultivation mode of Longjing 57was that the planting densities at 24holes·m-2and the nitrogen fertilizer application rate at 115kg·ha-1.

     

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