Abstract: Sweet potato is an important food, feed and industrial raw material.Although traditional breeding has made some achievements in the selection of sweet potato varieties, it cannot meet the needs of the current sweet potato industry.With the development of molecular biology and genomics, the development and utilization of sweet potato molecular markers, the construction of high-density genetic maps, QTL mapping of important traits and genome-wide association analysis have all promoted the speed and efficiency of sweet potato breeding.This paper briefly introduced the application of AFLP markers, RAPD markers, SSR markers, ISSR markers and other molecular markers in sweet potato research, summarized the research progress of genetic linkage map construction, quantitative trait QTL mapping and whole genome association analysis of sweet potato at home and abroad.The development of functional markers in genetic and breeding research of sweet potato and the further research on genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics of sweet potato were prospected.