Abstract: In order to promote the resource utilization of biogas residue,field plot design was adopted in this experiment.Shallow rotation was used to make biogas residue fully integrated with soil.Barley and oats were planted.The aboveground biomass and underground root traits were measured at booting and maturity stages.The results showed that there were significant differences in plant height and aboveground biomass among the three cultivars,the plant height of Longpimai No.3 at booting stage was significantly higher than that of Baiyan No.6 and Beller,and the plant height of Longpimai No.3 and Beiller at mature stage was significantly higher than that of Baiyan No.6,there were significant differences in biomass among the three cultivars.In the analysis of 8 root traits of 3 cultivars,except the difference of root-shoot ratio and root volume at booting stage was not significant,there were significant differences in other root traits among cultivars（P＜0.05）,the total root length,root surface area and specific root length of Baiyan No.6 were significantly higher than those of Beller and Longpimai No.3（P＜0.05）,the root dry weight and canopy dry weight of Longpimai No.3 were significantly higher than those of the other two cultivars,and only the root diameter of Beller was significantly higher than those of the other two cultivars,and there were significant differences in 8 root traits among the 3 cultivars at maturity（P＜0.05）.The soil pH of Baiyan No.6,Beller and Longpimai No.3 all decreased after planting,and the soil pH of Baiyan No.6 at maturity was 8.61,which was 9.4%lower than that before improvement.The results showed that the growth of Longpimai No.3 and Beller was better than that of Baiyan No.6.