Abstract: The introduction, identification and utilization of soybean germplasm resources play a major role in breeding and genetic improvement of varieties.In order to identify the differences of the main agronomic traits between Chinese and European germplasm and understand the performance of European germplasm resources in Bei′an for enriching Chinese soybean germplasm resources for innovative breeding, phenotype of main agronomic traits of 158 soybean germplasm resources from China and Europe were evaluated by randomized group design.The result showed that 121 germplasm resources could normally mature at Bei′an, including 63 Chinese germplasms and 58 European germplasms.The suitable maturity group was MG00.Meanwhile, we found that European germplasms had the characteristics of purple flowers, round leaves and infinite pod habits, rich in seed shape and hilum color.The plant height, internode length, number of effective branches, protein content, oil content and the total protein content and oil content of European germplasms were greater than those of Chinese germplasms.The bottom pod height, number of nodes on main stem, pods per plant and 100-seed weight of Chinese germplasms were larger than those of European germplasms.There were significant differences in the yield between Chinese and European germplasm resources, but there was no significant among the yield increased germplasm resources compared with Keshan 1.