Abstract: In order to further improve soil physical and chemical properties and enhance soil fertility through scientific fertilization, and thus improve the quality of tobacco leaves after baking, a detailed study was conducted on the correlation between soil and tobacco samples from three tobacco planting towns in Luonan County, Shaanxi Province, and the chemical components of tobacco leaves using descriptive statistics, simple correlation, and canonical correlation analysis methods. The results showed that, the average contents of pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium in Luonan County were appropriate, and the average content of available phosphorus was abundant. Among them, the pH value, available phosphorus and available potassium of tobacco planting soil were the highest in Jingcun Town, and the lowest in Yongfeng Town. Organic matter, total nitrogen and alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen of tabacco planting soil were the highest in Yongfeng Town, and the lowest in Jingcun Town. The average content of total sugar in tobacco leaves in Luonan County was high, and the potassium content, chlorine content and nitrogen-alkali ratio were low, and the contents of other indicators were appropriate. Among them, Yongfeng Town had the highest total sugar content in tobacco leaves, and Jingcun Town had the lowest potassium content, chlorine content and nitrogen-alkali ratio. The results of simple correlation and typical correlation analysis showed that within a certain range, the total sugar and total nitrogen content of tobacco leaves in Luonan County were significantly negatively correlated with soil pH, and positively correlated with soil alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content, the chlorine content of tobacco leaves was significantly negatively correlated with the available phosphorus content in soil, and the nitrogen-alkali ratio was significantly positively correlated with soil pH. In summary, the content of total sugar, total nitrogen, chloride ion and nitrogen-alkali ratio in tobacco leaves can be improved by adjusting the content of major soil factors（pH, available phosphorus, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen）, so as to make the chemical composition of Luonan tobacco leaves more harmonious and improve the comprehensive quality of Luonan tobacco leaves.