Abstract: In order to promote the multi-channel treatment and utilization of weathered coal and corn straw and achieve the purpose of soil improvement,weathered coal was used as the basic raw material,and different initial raw materials（water,corn straw,plant ash and human manure）were selected for composting and fermentation.A total of 5 treatments were set up.After the compost was decomposed,the pH,free humic acid content,organic matter content,total nutrient content,total nitrogen content,P₂O₅ content and K₂O content of each treatment were determined to explore the influence of different initial raw material composition on chemical properties of weathered coal base fertilizer.The results showed that,the organic matter content of weathered coal and human manure compost was the highest（81.58%）;the organic matter content of weathered coal,human manure and corn straw mixed fermentation compost was the second,with the organic matter content of 74.23%;the free humic acid content of weathered coal and human manure and corn straw mixed fermentation compost was the highest（5.22%）;the contents of total nutrients,total nitrogen and P₂O₅ were also the highest among weathered coal,human manure and maize straw rice straw mixed fermentation compost,which was 2.35%,0.880% and 0.385%,respectively;the content of K₂O in the mixed fermentation of weathered coal,human manure and plant ash was the highest（1.21%）.Therefore,the most suitable composting material is the mixture of weathered coal,human manure and corn straw at the weight ratio of 2∶1∶1.