Abstract: In order to promote maize straw returning to the field and the effective control of Ostrinia furnacalis in Heilongjiang Province, the Ostrinia furnacalis in straw mulching returning field mode, straw crushing returning field mode and straw ploughing returning field mode were investigated in Shuangcheng District of Harbin City in 2019 and Liming Town of Zhaodong City in 2020, and the yield of maize was measured. The results showed that the straw returning field mode had certain influence on the occurrence of Ostrinia furnacalis. The occurrence of Ostrinia furnacalis in the straw mulching returning field mode was significantly more serious than that in the straw crushing returning field mode and straw ploughing returning field mode. The trapping amount of Ostrinia furnacalis was 34.0%-40.2% higher, the infected plant rate was 14.7%-31.4% higher, the number of larvae per 100 plants was 28.8%-103.0% more, and the number of holes per 100 plants was 13.5%-38.9% more in the straw mulching returning field mode than in straw crushing returning field mode. The trapping amount of Ostrinia furnacalis was 47.5%-63.9% higher, the infected plant rate was 28.1%-35.3% higher, the number of larvae per 100 plants was 37.8%-123.3% more, and the number of holes per 100 plants was 26.3%-52.4% more in the straw mulching returning field mode than straw ploughing returning field mode. The yield of straw crushing returning field mode and straw ploughing returning field mode were higher than that of straw mulching returning field mode. The straw returning field mode was 2.5%-2.7% higher than that of the surface mulching field mode, and straw ploughing returning field mode was 1.9%-2.1% higher than that of the surface mulching field mode, but there were no significant difference.Therefore, it is recommended to use straw crushing mixed returning and straw turning to reduce the damage of Ostrinia furnacalis in the field without affecting the yield of maize.