Abstract: In order to determine the best extraction process of Bletilla striata,we used Bletilla striata as the experimental materials,to establish Bletilla striata HPLC fingerprint and optimize the extraction process.The fingerprinting technique was used to screen the optimal extraction process method of Bletilla striata,combined with single factor analysis and other statistical methods to investigate the extracted methanol concentration,temperature,extraction time and the size of the medicinal materials.The results showed taht the fingerprint of Bletilla striata was established,and 16 characteristic peaks were selected.The optimal extraction process of Bletilla striata was determined to be Bletilla striata powder with No.6 sieve and heated with 80% methanol in 55℃ water bath for 2.5 hours.Through the results of single factor analysis and curve fitting,it could be inferred that methanol concentration,temperature,extraction time and medicinal material particle size all had an impact on the extraction results.The process was stable and reliable,simple and easy to perform,and could evaluate the chemical composition and quality of Bletilla striata to a certain extent.