Abstract: In order to promote the cultivation and breeding of Schisandra chinensis,the flowering characteristics were studied by observing the florescence and microspore development process and the changes of nutrients in the process of flower bud differentiation.And through single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment,the in vitro germination medium of pollen was optimized.The results showed that the flowering period of S.chinensis in Liaoning Province was from April 23rd to May 5th;the cross-section of its anthers was butterfly-shaped,and each stamen had 4 microsporangia,and the development of microspores in the same flower was basically synchronous;the leaves were in the process of flower bud differentiation.The change trend of total sugar and free amino acid content in leaves of different branches was basically the same,but there were significant differences in content;the best medium formula for pollen germination:30 mg·L^-1 boric acid,7.5 g·L^-1 sucrose and 50 mg·L^-1 calcium chloride,the pollen germination rate was the highest,reaching 49.84%,and the pollen tube length was 83.35μm.30 mg·L^-1 boric acid,5.0 g·L^-1 sucrose,and 40 mg·L^-1 calcium chloride,the pollen tube length was the largest,reaching 161.29μm,and the pollen germination rate was 42.81%.