Abstract: In order to promote the breeding and high-yield cultivation of new summer-sown adzuki bean varieties in Dezhou, Shandong, 83 varieties（lines） of summer-sown adzuki bean were selected and divided into three groups: early maturing, medium maturing, and late maturing. The correlation between the growth period structure of adzuki beans and their agronomic traits were studied. The results showed that, with the delay of maturity, the days of branching-flowering stages, earlier growth period and the later growth period gradually increased, the days of later growth period were higher than the earlier growth period, and the influence on whole growth period was greater than the earlier growth period, but there was no significant difference on the germinating-branching period among different growth-period types; The plant height, node number of main stem, seed-weight per plant, 100-seed weight and yield all increased with the delay of maturity, the differences were significant on plant height, 100-seed weight and yield, but not significant on number of branches or number of pods per plant; Seed-weight per plant and 100-seed weight were the main factors affecting yield. The seed-weight per plant was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with the whole growth period, and the 100-seed weight was extremely significantly positively correlated with branching-flowering stage and early growth stage. In conclusion, branching-flowering stage, early growth stage and the length of the whole growth period were the main factors affecting the agronomic traits and yield of summer-sown adzuki bean.