大兴安岭野生药用植物内生真菌的分离及拮抗菌株初筛
Isolation of Endophytic Fungi from Medicinal Plants and Screening for Antagonistic Strains
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摘要: 为挖掘野生植物内生真菌资源,本研究采集了大兴安岭东麓野生药用植物,通过传统组织分离法,从21种供试材料不同组织部位分离纯化内生真菌,以常见作物病原菌为靶标菌,采用平皿对峙法筛选拮抗菌株。根据拮抗菌株菌落形态及分子生物学特征进行菌株鉴定。结果表明:共分离纯化478株内生真菌,筛选出61株具有拮抗作用的菌株,其中11株抑菌带宽≥5mm,为高活性拮抗菌株。61株菌株经鉴定后有10株无法鉴定到属,其余51株分属于16个属,其中青霉属占24.59%,刺盘孢属占11.48%,离蠕孢属、瓶霉属、链格孢属和镰刀菌属占6.56%,其余均低于5%。Abstract: In order to explore the endophytic fungi resources of wild plants,endophytic fungi were isolated and purified from different tissues of 21 wild medicinal plants grown at the southern foot of the Daxing’an Mountains by tissue isolation method.Antagonistic strains were screened by plate confrontation method with common plant pathogens as target strains.The strains were identified according to colony morphology and molecular biology.The results showed that 61 antagonistic strains were screened out from 478 strains of endophytic fungi,among which 11 strains which inhibitory zone width greater than or equal to 5 mm were highly active.Among 61 strains,10 strains could not be identified by homology comparison,and the remaining 51 strains belonged to 16 genera.Among them,Penicillium accounted for 24.59%,Colletotrichum accounted for11.48%,Bipolaris,Phialophora,Alternariaand Fusariumaccounted for 6.56%,the rest were less than 5%.
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