Abstract: In order to explore the relationship between the grape soil of Cabernet Sauvignon in 5 producing areas at the eastern foot of Helan Mountain and grape quality and wine quality, the main influencing factors of wine differentiation were identified through the detection and analysis of soil properties, grape quality and wine quality. The results showed that, there were significant differences in soil nutrients and structure among different producing areas, which led to significant differences in the quality of Cabernet Sauvignon grapes and wine. The contents of total phenol, anthocyanin and tannin in Cabernet Sauvignon grapes in the Royal Ma Base were 10.76 mg·g^-1, 0.82 mg·g^-1 and 52.02 mg·g^-1, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in other producing areas, and soluble solid content was 24.64%. The titrable acid content was 6.64 g·L^-1, the fruit sugar and acid were moderate, the grain weight was the largest, and the quality was the best. Moreover, the contents of tannin, total phenol, anthocyanin, flavone and flavanol in wine were significantly higher than those in Garden Farm Base, Yuquanying and Jinsha Forest Farm. Correlation analysis showed that, soil organic matter had significant positive correlation with polyphenols and alcohol content in wine, and had extremely significant positive correlation with volatile acids. Alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen had significant positive correlation with polyphenols（except anthocyanins） and pH, and had extremely significant positive correlation with volatile acids and alcohol content. Soil pH was negatively correlated with phenolic substances, volatile acids, residual sugars, alcohol content and pH in wine, while total salt content was positively correlated with pH in wine. Principal component analysis showed that organic matter in soil, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and soil pH were the main factors affecting wine quality.