Abstract: In order to promote the practical application effect of the new plant growth regulator propionylbrassinolide in high-yield and high-quality cultivation of rice in cold regions, the effects of different concentrations of 0.003% propionylbrassinolide on the growth and yield structure of rice were studied by the Fuhe 48 was taken test material. The results showed that spraying 0.003% propionylbrassinolide at booting stage and full spike stage had significant effects on plant height, dry weight and SPAD value of leaf, and panicle number and grain number per panicles were higher than that of water control. Treatment with 179.9-359.8 mL·ha^-1 0.003% propionylbrassinolide significantly increased rice yield and safety, and increased rice yield by 1.9%-13.8%, respectively. When the dosage was 179.9 mL·ha^-1, the yield was the highest and the increase rate was 13.8%, which could shorten the days from ear stage to full ear stage for one day and enhance the lodging resistance of rice, which was safe for rice.