Selection and Utilization of Saline-Tolerant Soybean Varieties in Songnen Plain

In order to explored and identified the saline-alkali tolerance of soybean resources of different varieties, the potted pot method was adopted in this study, and 100 mmol·L^-1 salt and alkali solution（The molar ratio of NaCl∶Na₂CO₃∶NaHCO₃∶Na₂SO₄ was 1∶1∶9∶9）, 18 soybean varieties were subjected to stress treatment at 3 leaves and 1 heart stage, and water treatment was used as the control. The salt and alkali tolerance was evaluated by correlation analysis and principal component analysis. The results showed that salt-alkali stress resulted in the decrease of plant height and node number, the decrease of effective branch, pod number per plant, kernel number and grain weight per plant, and the increase of ineffective pod, thus affecting the yield of soybean.A total of 3 principal components were extracted from 9 yield-related traits, the traits related to the first principal component were plant height, effective pod number, seed number per plant and seed weight per plant; The traits associated with the second principal component were pod height and number of main stem segments; The traits associated with the third principal component were effective branching, ineffective pod number and 100 grain weight.There were different differences in salt and alkali tolerance of 18 soybeans, according to the relative salt damage rate, 18 soybean resources were classified into 4 high-resistant materials, 2 saline-alkali resistant materials, 9 medium-resistant materials and 3 sensitive materials. Among them Qinong 5 has the best salt-alkali resistance and is suitable for use as an excellent salt-alkali resistance resource.