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一例老龄犬肺动脉高压继发三尖瓣反流的诊治

Diagnosis and treatment of an elderly dog with pulmonary hypertension secondary to tricuspid regurgitation

  • 摘要: 1只12岁雄性博美犬,咳嗽近1年,在就诊前1周出现咳嗽加重、呼吸急促等症状,为了对该犬进行诊治,通过病史询问、临床检查、实验室检查、影像学和心动超声及心电检查等方法进行诊断,并根据诊断结果进行治疗。结果表明:患犬表现为呼吸急促,听诊有心杂音出现;X射线检查显示心脏与胸骨接触面增大,心影增大,锥心和测量值增加,心脏呈倒"D"字型;二维心动超声可见右心房扩张、左心室内径下降、室中隔心肌增厚;多普勒超声心动图可见舒张功能受损、右心室肥大;彩色频谱多普勒评估显示三尖瓣反流,反流速率为3.88 m/s,肺动脉压约为65 mmHg;心电检查可见心律不齐、室性搏动异常。诊断该犬患有中度肺动脉高压继发三尖瓣反流及右心房扩张,采取对症治疗3 d后,该犬有所好转,但6个月后回访患犬死亡。说明犬肺动脉高压通过临床症状和影像学等检查可确诊,但目前没有完善的治疗方案,预后需慎重。

     

    Abstract: A 12-year-old male Pomeranian had a cough for nearly one year, and had symptoms such as worsening coughing and shortness of breath 1 week before the treatment. In order to diagnose and treat the dog, medical history inquiry, clinical examination, laboratory examination, imaging, echocardiography and electrocardiogram and other methods were used for the diagnosis, and treatment was carried out based on the diagnosis. The results showed that the dog showed shortness of breath and a heart murmur on auscultation; X-ray examination showed that the contact surface between the heart and the sternum increased, the heart shadow increased, the conicity value increased, and the heart was in an inverted "D" shape; two-dimensional heartbeat ultrasound showed that the right atrium was dilated, the left ventricular diameter was decreased, and the ventricular septal myocardium was thickened; Doppler echocardiography showed impaired diastolic function and right ventricular hypertrophy; color spectrum Doppler assessment showed tricuspid regurgitation, with regurgitation rate of 3.88 m/s, and the pulmonary artery pressure of about 65 mmHg; the electrocardiogram showed arrhythmia and abnormal ventricular beats. The dog was diagnosed with moderate pulmonary hypertension secondary to tricuspid regurgitation and right atrium dilatation. After 3 days of symptomatic treatment, the dog got better, but the dog died in a return visit 6 months later. The results suggested that canine pulmonary hypertension can be diagnosed by clinical symptoms and imaging examinations, but there was currently no comprehensive treatment plan, and the prognosis needed to be cautious.

     

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