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屠宰体重对巴民杂交猪屠宰性能、胴体性状及肉质性状的影响

Effects of slaughter weight on slaughter performance,carcass traits and meat quality of crossbred pigs of Berkshire and Min pig

  • 摘要: 为了研究屠宰体重对巴民杂交猪屠宰性能、胴体性状和肉质性状的影响,试验采用按体重分组测定的方法,将巴民杂交猪F1代分为100 kg组、120 kg组和150 kg组,测定屠宰率、背膘厚、眼肌面积等屠宰性能和胴体性状;将左胴体进行六分体分割,对各部位产肉量进行测定;采集各组左胴体背最长肌,测定肉色、含水量、肌内脂肪含量等肉质性状。结果表明:随着屠宰体重的增加,巴民杂交猪F1代屠宰性能存在较大差异,100 kg组瘦肉率为52.75%,与120 kg组(51.83%)比较差异不显著(P>0.05),但均显著高于150 kg组(47.32%,P<0.05);各组间屠宰率差异不显著(P>0.05);120 kg组胴体重、背膘厚、胴体直长、胴体斜长、眼肌面积与100 kg组比较差异显著(P<0.05)。随着屠宰体重的增加,巴民杂交猪F1代的心脏、肝脏、肺脏、大肠、小肠、膈肌和膀胱重量也逐渐增加,但相邻组间差异不显著(P>0.05),100 kg与150 kg组间差异显著(P<0.05)。对左胴体进行分割后,六分体各部位比例差异不显著(P>0.05),前肩腿部、腹肋腰部、后臀腿部各部位重量120 kg组显著高于100 kg组(P<0.05)。120 kg组和150 kg组红度(a*)、滴水损失与100 kg组比较差异显著(P<0.05);系水力、肌内脂肪含量、pH值相邻组间差异不显著(P>0.05),150 kg组与100 kg组比较差异显著(P<0.05);含水量、熟肉率、剪切力各组间差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明屠宰体重对巴民杂交猪屠宰性能、胴体性状和肉质性状有影响,综合各项指标分析,巴民杂交猪的屠宰体重以120 kg左右为宜。

     

    Abstract: In order to study the effects of slaughter weight on slaughter performance, carcass traits and meat quality of crossbred pigs of Berkshire and Min pig, F1 generation of crossbred pigs of Berkshire and Min pig were divided into 100 kg group, 120 kg group and 150 kg group according to body weight. Slaughter performance and carcass traits such as slaughter rate, back fat thickness and eye muscle area were measured.The left carcass was divided into six points body, and the meat yield of each part was measured. The longissimus dorsi muscle of left carcass in each group was collected to determine meat qualities such as flesh color, water content and intramuscular fat. The results showed that with the increase of slaughter weight, there was a great difference in slaughter performance of crossbred pigs in F1 generation. The lean meat rate in 100 kg group was 52.75%, which was not significantly different from that in 120 kg group(51.83%)(P>0.05), but was significantly higher than that in 150 kg group(47.32%,P<0.05). There was no significant difference in slaughter rate among all groups(P>0.05); There were significant differences in carcass weight, back fat thickness, carcass straight length, carcass oblique length and eye muscle area between 120 kg group and 100 kg group(P<0.05). With the increase of slaughter weight, the weight of heart, liver, lung, large intestine, small intestine, midriff and bladder of crossbred pigs in F1 generation also increased gradually, but there was no significant difference between adjacent groups(P>0.05), and there was significant difference between 100 kg and 150 kg groups(P<0.05). After the left carcass was divided, there was no significant difference in the proportion of each part(P>0.05), and the weight of each part of the front shoulder leg, abdominal rib waist and hip leg in the 120 kg group was significantly higher than that in the 100 kg group(P<0.05). The redness(a*) and drip loss in 120 kg group and 150 kg group were significantly different from that in 100 kg group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in hydraulic connection, intramuscular fat and pH valve between adjacent groups(P>0.05), but there was significant difference between 150 kg group and 100 kg group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in water content, cooked meat percentage and shear force among all groups(P>0.05). The results indicated that slaughter weight had influence on slaughter performance, carcass traits and meat quality of crossbred pigs of Berkshire and Min pig. According to the analysis of all indexes, the slaughter weight of crossbred pigs of Berkshire and Min pig was about 120 kg.

     

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