Abstract: In order to study the effects of exercise training on the performance of 1 000 m speed race, plasma antioxidant capacity and total blood glucose metabolism of Yili horse, twenty 2-year-old male Yili horse were randomly selected and randomly divided into 2 groups: control group and experimental group. Yili horses didn’t exercise in the control group, and Yili horses in the experimental group was performing regular sports training for 30 d, then after 1 000 m speed race, the heart rate and breathing rate of Yili horses, the activities of CAT, GSH-Px, and SOD in plasma, the contents of MDA, HFR, T-AOC, Pyr, and NO in plasma, and the lactic acid（Lac） concentration and Glu content in whole blood was determined. The results showed that the race results in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after 1 000 m speed race（P＜0.05）, and the time of the race was reduced by 17.19%. The respiratory rate of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group（P＜0.05）. The activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and T-AOC in the plasma in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group after race（P＜0.01）, the Pyr in the plasma were significantly higher than those in the control group（P＜0.05）. The content of Glu in the blood in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group（P＜0.01）. The plasma concentration of Lac in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P＜0.01）.The results indicated that regular exercise training could significantly improve the athletic performance of Yili horse in 1 000 m speed rase, the antioxidant capacity of plasma after exercise, and reduce the accumulation of lactic acid in the blood.