葡萄皮、火麻仁和芦荟复合植物提取物对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和免疫功能的影响

周业飞; 周梅仙

doi:10.13881/j.cnki.hljxmsy.2020.08.0123

葡萄皮、火麻仁和芦荟复合植物提取物对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和免疫功能的影响

Effects of compound plant extracts from grape skin,hemp seed and aloe on performance,egg quality and immune function in laying hens

摘要

摘要: 为了探讨葡萄皮、火麻仁和芦荟3种原料制备的复合植物提取物对蛋鸡产蛋性能、蛋品质、血清生化指标和免疫功能的影响,试验将576只53周龄的海兰褐蛋鸡随机分为4组,分别为0.1%、0.2%、0.6%复合植物提取物添加组及对照组,每组12个重复,每个重复12只。对照组饲喂产蛋期基础日粮,0.1%、0.2%、0.6%复合植物提取物添加组分别在基础日粮中添加0.1%、0.2%和0.6%的复合植物提取物。预试期14 d,正试期为56 d,测定各组蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血清生化指标及新城疫病毒抗体水平。结果表明:与对照组相比,0.1%、0.2%、0.6%复合植物提取物添加组可显著提高产蛋率、平均蛋重和平均日产蛋量(P<0.05),并显著降低破蛋率(P<0.05)。0.6%复合植物提取物添加组料蛋比最低。在整个试验期间,0.1%、0.2%、0.6%复合植物提取物添加组蛋形指数与对照组比呈显著上升趋势(P<0.05),0.2%、0.6%复合植物提取物添加组蛋白系数、蛋黄系数和哈氏单位均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,0.2%、0.6%复合植物提取物添加组血清总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量及丙氨酸氨基转移酶活性均显著降低(P<0.05),血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和血清新城疫病毒抗体水平均显著提高(P<0.05)。各组间血清总蛋白、白蛋白、尿酸含量,天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶活性和死淘率均无显著差异(P>0.05)。说明在蛋鸡日粮中添加一定水平的葡萄皮、火麻仁和芦荟复合植物提取物可提高蛋鸡生产性能、改善蛋品质和提高机体免疫水平,添加0.6%复合植物提取物更为适宜。

Abstract: The purpose of this experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of compound plant extracts from grape skin, hemp seed and aloe on performance, egg quality, serum biochemical indexes and immunity of laying hens. A total of 576 healthy Hy-Line gray hens aged 53 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups（0.1%, 0.2%, 0.6% compound plant extracts group and control group） with 12 replicates in each group and 12 chickens in each replicate. The hens in the control group were fed a basal diet, and hens in 0.1%,0.2%,0.6% compound plant extracts groups were fed basal diet supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.6% of compound plant extracts, respectively. The pre-feeding period was 14 d and the formal period was 56 d, the performance, egg quality, serum biochemical indexes and Newcastle disease virus antibody level of each group were determined. The results showed that compared with the control group, diet supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.6% compound plant extracts groups significantly increased the laying rate, average egg weight and average daily egg production（P＜0.05）, and significantly reduce the egg breaking rate（P＜0.05）. The feed conversion rate in 0.6% compound plant extracts group was the lowest among trial groups. During the whole experiment period, the egg shape index in 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.6% compound plant extracts groups increased significantly compared with the control group（P＜0.05）, and the histone coefficient, yolk coefficient and Haugh unit in 0.2% and 0.6% compound plant extract groups were significantly higher than those of the control group（P＜0.05）. Compared with the control group, the contents of total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and alanine aminotransferase activity in serum in the 0.2% and 0.6% compound plant extract groups were significantly decreased（P＜0.05）, while the serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol contents and Newcastle disease antibody titers were significantly increased（P＜0.05）. There were no significant differences in serum total protein, albumin, uric acid contents, aspartate aminotransferase activity and mortality among the groups（P＞0.05）. The results indicated that adding a certain level of grape skin, hemp seed and aloe compound plant extracts in the diet of laying hens could improve the performance, egg quality and immunity of laying hens, and adding 0.6% compound plant extracts was more suitable.

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