高级检索+

鸡源产β-葡萄糖苷酶混合菌群发酵黄芩茎叶的制备及其对肉鸡消化和免疫功能的影响

Preparation of fermented the stems and leave of Scutellaria baicalensis with chicken-derived β-glucosidase-producing mixed bacteria and their effects on the digestion and immune function of broilers

  • 摘要: 为了提高黄芩茎叶资源化利用程度并明确其对肉鸡消化和免疫功能的促进作用,试验采用麸皮压力法结合体外胃肠模拟筛选鸡源高产β-葡萄糖苷酶混合菌群,以纤维素降解率为指标确定黄芩茎叶最佳发酵条件。再将体重相近的14日龄黄羽肉仔鸡90只,随机分为3组,分别为空白对照组、未发酵饲料添加剂组和发酵型饲料添加剂组,每组3个重复,每个重复10只,预试期1周,正试期6周,空白对照组饲喂基础日粮,未发酵饲料添加剂组在基础日粮中添加8%未发酵的黄芩茎叶饲料添加剂,发酵型饲料添加剂组在基础日粮中添加8%发酵型黄芩茎叶饲料添加剂,计算试验肉鸡平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比,采用内源指示剂法测定40~42日龄、62~64日龄肉鸡对干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分的表观消化率,测定64日龄脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊指数和血清中IgM、IgG、IgA含量。结果表明:β-葡萄糖苷酶混合菌最佳培养条件为用4%麸皮含量的培养基、培养48 h。黄芩茎叶最佳发酵条件为25%混合菌接种量、30℃发酵15 d,其野黄芩苷的质量分数为0.56%。与空白对照组相比,添加未发酵黄芩茎叶饲料添加剂组粗蛋白和62~64日龄粗灰分表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),血清中IgG含量显著提高(P<0.05);添加发酵型黄芩茎叶饲料添加剂组平均日增重显著增加,料重比显著降低,干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分的表观消化率均有显著提高(P<0.05),脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊指数与血清中IgG、IgA和IgM含量均显著提高(P<0.05)。与添加未发酵的饲料添加剂组相比,添加发酵型黄芩茎叶饲料添加剂组肉鸡21~42日龄料重比显著降低2.77%(P<0.05),43~64日龄平均日增重显著增加11.20%(P<0.05),料重比显著降低10.06%(P<0.05);干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗灰分的表观消化率,脾脏、胸腺、法氏囊指数及血清IgG、IgA和IgM含量均显著升高(P<0.05)。说明黄芩茎叶经鸡源产β-葡萄糖苷酶菌群发酵后能够提高黄羽肉鸡表观消化率并增强机体免疫功能。

     

    Abstract: In order to improve the utilization of stem and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis and clarify its promoting effect on digestion and immune function of broilers, in this study, the bran pressure method combined with gastrointestinal simulation in vitro was used to screen mixed bacteria with high-yield β-glucosidase from chicken. The optimal fermentation conditions of stem and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis were determined by cellulose degradation rate. Ninety 14-day-old yellow feathered broilers with similar body weight were randomly divided into three groups, which were the blank control group, unfermented feed additive group and fermented feel additive group, respectively, with 3 replicates in each group, with 10 chicken in each replicate. The pre-test period was 1 week, and the normal test period was 6 weeks. The blank control group was fed the basic diet. Unfermented feed additive group was fed the basic diet with 8% unfermented Scutellaria baicalensis stem and leaf feed additive. Fermented feed additive group was fed the basic diet with 8% fermented Scutellaria baicalensis stem and leaf feed additive. The average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed to weight ratio of experimental broilers were calculated. The apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash in broilers at 42-64 days, 62-64 days of age were measured and calculated by endogenous indicator method. At 64 days of age, spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius indices were calculated and the concentrations of IgM, IgG and IgA in serum were detected. The results showed that the optimal screening condition of β-glucosidase-producing mixed bacteria was 4% bran content, culture for 48 h. The optimum fermentation conditions of Scutellaria baicalensis stems and leaves were 25% inoculation amount of mixed bacteria, 30 ℃ for 15 days, and the mass fraction of its wild baicalin was 0.56%. Compared with blank control group, the apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude ash(62-64 days of age) was significantly increased(P<0.05), and the content of IgG in serum was significantly increased(P<0.05) in unfermented Scutellaria baicalensis stem and leaf feed additive group. Compared with the blank control group, the average daily gain, apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash were significantly increased(P<0.05), and feed to weight ratio was significantly reduced(P<0.05). The indexes of spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius and the contents of IgG, IgA and IgM in serum were significantly increased(P<0.05) in fermented feed additive group. Compared with the unfermented feed additive group, the feed to weight ratio of broilers at 21-42 days of age in fermented feed additive group was significantly decreased by 2.77%(P<0.05), the average daily gain of broilers at 43-64 days of age was significantly increased by 11.20%(P<0.05), and the feed to weight ratio was significantly decreased by 10.06%(P<0.05), the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash, the indexes of spleen, thymus and bursa of Fabricius and the contents of IgG, IgA and IgM in serum were significantly increased(P<0.05). The results indicated that the fermentation of Scutellaria baicalensis could enhance the apparent digestibility and immune level of yellow-feathered broilers.

     

/

返回文章
返回