Abstract: In order to understand the age structure of Xinjiang hare and to explore an evidence of age identification on Xinjiang hare from skull metrology,139 hare skull specimens were made in this experiment by alkaline etching method,which were collected from different habitats in Xinjiang. Six skull indexes were measured, and sex difference analysis and principal component analysis were carried out. Frequency distribution of skull length,age group division,and distribution form on the hare from different habitats were executed. The results showed that there was no gender difference in 6 skull indexes. The skull length was the most representative indicators of growth. Frequency distribution of hare skull length from different habitats obviously presented a form of being low at both ends and high in the middle. According to the frequency distribution of skull length,youth group,sub-adult group,adult group,and elderly group were divided. Sub-adult group and adult group had more individuals,while youth group and elderly group had fewer. The results suggested that the skull length method is feasible and reliable for hare age identification. Hare skull length had a certain difference in different habitats,which was speculated that it may have a relationship with natural factors such as climate,altitude. The distribution structure of different age groups demonstrated the hare population in Xinjiang has a stable growth pattern at present.