Abstract: There are serious threat of ecological environment security from the pollution of the large-scaled poultry and livestock breeding farms, which restricts the sustainable development of livestock and poultry breeding industry. Strengthening the pollution prevention and control of livestock poultry breeding industry has become an important work in China’s rural environmental protection at the present stage. In this paper, the main sources of livestock and poultry breeding wastewater and its harm to environment pollution and human health were summarized, and the research progress of wastewater treatment in livestock and poultry breeding was reviewed. The main technologies of fertilizer returning treatment, physical-chemical treatment, biological treatment, natural ecological treatment and combined process treatment were summarized. The main problems existing in wastewater treatment of livestock and poultry industry were pointed out, so as to provide reference for wastewater treatment of livestock and poultry breeding.