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日粮中添加3%草粉对肉鸡生长性能和肌肉品质的影响

Effect of adding 3% grass meal in diet on growth performance and muscle quality of broilers

  • 摘要: 为了研究紫苏、菊苣和白菜对肉鸡生长性能和肌肉品质的影响,试验将160羽50日龄、1 kg左右、健康的K9肉鸡母鸡按照初始体重差异不显著的原则随机分为4组,分别为对照组(仅饲喂基础日粮)、紫苏草粉处理组(饲喂添加3%紫苏草粉的基础日粮)、菊苣草粉处理组(饲喂添加3%菊苣草粉的基础日粮)和白菜草粉处理组(饲喂添加3%白菜草粉的基础日粮),每组40羽,每组4个重复,每个重复10羽。预试期7 d,正试期90 d,试验结束后测定各组的生长性能(初始体重、期末体重、平均日采食量、平均日增重和料重比)和肌肉品质(蒸煮损失率、剪切力、肉色值和pH值)。结果表明:各组初始体重之间差异不显著(P>0.05);菊苣草粉处理组的期末体重、平均日采食量和平均日增重均显著高于对照组、紫苏草粉处理组和白菜草粉处理组(P<0.05),紫苏草粉处理组的平均日采食量和平均日增重显著高于白菜草粉处理组(P<0.05);各组料重比之间虽然差异不显著(P>0.05),但紫苏草粉处理组和菊苣草粉处理组与对照组比有降低趋势,其中菊苣草粉处理组料重比最低。菊苣草粉处理组蒸煮损失率显著低于对照组、紫苏草粉处理组和白菜草粉处理组(P<0.05),紫苏草粉处理组、白菜草粉处理组与对照组差异不显著(P>0.05);与对照组比较,紫苏草粉处理组剪切力显著降低(P<0.05),菊苣草粉处理组和白菜草粉处理组有所降低但差异不显著(P>0.05);紫苏草粉处理组和菊苣草粉处理组肉色值显著高于白菜草粉处理组和对照组(P<0.05),其中菊苣草粉处理组肉色值最高;各组pH值之间差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明在日粮中添加3%紫苏草粉和3%菊苣草粉能够提高肉鸡生长性能,并能够在一定程度上改善肉鸡的肌肉品质,其中3%菊苣草粉的效果最好。

     

    Abstract: In order to study the effects of Perilla, chicory and Chinese cabbage on the growth performance and muscle quality of broilers, a total of 160 healthy K9 broilers aged 50 days with a weight of about 1 kg were randomly divided into four groups(control group, Perilla meal treatment group, chicory meal treatment group and Chinese cabbage meal treatment group) according to the principle of no significant difference in initial body weight. There were 40 birds in each group with four replicates and 10 birds in each replicate. The chickens in the control group were fed a basal diet only, and those in the Perilla meal treatment group were fed based diet supplemented with 3% Perilla meal. The chickens in the chicory meal treatment group were fed the based diet supplemented with 3% chicory meal. The chickens in the Chinese cabbage grass meal treatment group was fed the based diet supplemented with 3% Chinese cabbage grass meal. The pre-trial period lasted for seven days, and the formal trial period lasted for 90 days. Growth performance indexes(initial body weight, final body weight, average daily feed intake, average daily gain and ratio of feed to gain) and muscle quality indexes(cooking loss rate, shear force, meat color value and pH value) were determined. The results showed as follows: there was no significant difference in initial body weight among all groups(P>0.05); the final body weight, average daily feed intake and average daily gain in the chicory meal treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group, the Perilla meal treatment group and the Chinese cabbage meal treatment group(P<0.05), and average daily feed intake and average daily gain in the Perilla meal treatment group were significantly higher than those in the Chinese cabbage meal treatment group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the ratio of feed to gain among all groups(P>0.05), but Perilla meal treatment group and chicory meal treatment group have a descreasing trend compared with the control group, and the ratio of feed to gain in the chicory meal treatment group was the lowest. The cooking loss rate in the chicory meal treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group, the Perilla meal treatment group and the Chinese cabbage meal treatment group(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between Perilla meal treatment group, Chinese cabbage meal treatment group and control group(P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the shear force in the Perilla meal treatment group was significantly decreased(P<0.05), while that in the chicory meal treatment group and the Chinese cabbage meal treatment group was decreased, but the difference was not significant(P>0.05). The flesh color in the Perilla meal and the chicory meal treatment groups was significantly higher than that in the Chinese cabbage meal treatment group and the control group(P<0.05), and the flesh color in the chicory meal treatment group was the highest. There was no significant difference in pH values among all groups(P>0.05). The results indicated that adding 3% Perilla meal and 3% chicory meal in the diet could improve the growth performance and muscle quality of broilers to a certain extent, and 3% chicory meal had the best effect.

     

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