Abstract: In order to evaluate the effect of internal obturator muscle transposition（IOT） method and polypropylene mesh（PM） method in the treatment of canine perineal hernia, the cases of canine perineal hernia treated with IOT method or PM method were collected in Veterinary Teaching Hospital of China Agricultural University and Chongfuxin Animal Hospital. The dogs’ basic information, preoperative clinical symptoms, location and contents of perineal hernia, postoperative complications were recorded in this experiment, and the improvement and recurrence of postoperative clinical symptoms of the dogs were obtained through telephone follow-up visits. The results showed that a total of 143 cases of canine perineal hernia were included, and 93 cases were successfully followed up, including 86 cases of IOT method and 7 cases of PM method. The median follow-up visit time was 660 days（range: 90-1 460 days）. The hernia contents included fat, prostate, bladder, colon, omentum, rectum and small intestine; the most common hernia contents were fat, accounting for 64.3%. The preoperative clinical symptoms of the 93 cases of successful telephone follow-up visits included tenesmus, difficulty in defecation, diarrhea, fecal incarceration, bloody stool, rectal prolapse, urinary tract obstruction, and hematuria. Among the cases treated by IOT method and PM method, the highest incidences of preoperative clinical symptoms were tenesmus and defecation difficulty. The postoperative overall complication rate was 28.0%（26/93）. The complications occurred in 23 cases treated by IOT method, with an incidence rate of 26.7%; the complications occurred in 3 cases treated with PM method, with an incidence rate of 42.9%. The most common complications were tenesmus and dysuria. The postoperative overall recurrence rate was 6.5%（6/93）, all of which were treated with IOT method. 69.9%（65/93） of the cases were rated as good, 17.2%（16/93） as fair, and 12.9%（12/93） as poor. The results suggested that IOT method or PM method could effectively treat canine perineal hernia.