Abstract: Technical efficiency is the key factor to determine the increase of output. In the context of accelerating the recovery of pig production, it is of great significance to improve the technical efficiency of pig breeding, and the premise of improving the technical efficiency of pig breeding is to measure the technical efficiency scientifically and accurately. Based on the inter-provincial data of pig breeding in China from 2004 to 2018, this study used stochastic frontier analysis method to calculate the technical efficiency of pig breeding without considering pollutants, with pollutants as output and pollutants as input, and compared and analyzed among the three measurement methods of technical efficiency of pig breeding. The results showed that from 2004 to 2018, the technical efficiency of pig breeding without considering pollutants, using pollutants as output and using pollutants as input in China were 0.874, 0.850 and 0.842, respectively. That is, the technical efficiency of pig breeding without considering pollutants was significantly higher than that of pig breeding with pollutants as output and pollutants as input. The technical efficiency of pig breeding with pollutants as output was higher than that of pig breeding with pollutants as input. The technical efficiency of the three measurement methods showed an increasing trend over time. The technical efficiency of pig breeding without considering pollutants and with pollutants as input showed a trend of “medium scale＞small scale＞large scale”, while the technical efficiency of pig breeding with pollutants as output showed a trend of “large scale＞small scale＞medium scale”. In view of this, the author put forward some countermeasures and suggestions, such as taking pollutants as output, accurately measuring the technical efficiency of pig breeding, issuing preferential policies, vigorously promoting large-scale pig breeding, increasing investment in research and development, and promoting the progress of pig breeding technology.