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重庆地区封闭式高床羊舍主要环境参数变化研究

Study on the changes of main environmental parameters of enclosed high bed goat sheds in Chongqing area

  • 摘要: 为了探究重庆地区封闭式高床羊舍的环境参数变化情况,试验在重庆市酉州乌羊保种场选取1栋羊舍,于2020年4月1日—2021年3月31日对羊舍内外温度、相对湿度、风速及羊舍内距离地面0.3,0.8,1.3 m处的二氧化碳(CO2)、氨气(NH3)浓度进行了持续1年的定点检测,分析CO2和NH3浓度在夏季(2020年6—8月份)和冬季(2020年12月份—2021年2月份)不同时刻(07:00、10:00、13:00、17:00、20:00)的变化。结果表明:2020年4月份—2021年3月份,试验羊舍内外温度随季节变化而变化,在2020年8月份温度最高,2021年1月份温度最低;羊舍内外全年相对湿度基本维持较高水平。羊舍外风速在2021年1—3月份相对较高,2020年7—9月份次之,2020年4—5月份较低;羊舍内风速基本维持在较低水平。试验期间,CO2浓度在2021年1月份最高,为(768.80±57.26)mg/m3(距地面0.8 m处);在2020年4月份最低,为(431.03±70.00)mg/m3(距地面1.3 m处)。距地面0.3,0.8,1.3 m的CO2浓度在夏季和冬季的不同时刻呈动态变化,且在0.8 m处CO2浓度在不同时刻均高于0.3,1.3 m处。试验期间,NH3浓度在2020年11月份最高,为0.65 mg/m3(距地面1.3 m处);在2021年3月份最低,为0.35 mg/m3(距地面1.3 m处)。距离地面0.3,0.8,1.3 m的NH3浓度在夏季和冬季呈动态变化,NH3浓度在不同高度层间均差异显著(P<0.05,除夏季的17:00外),1.3 m处NH3浓度在不同时刻均高于0.3,0.8 m处。说明重庆地区封闭式高床羊舍的温度、相对湿度、CO2和NH3浓度呈现出各自不同的分布及变化规律。

     

    Abstract: To explore the changes of main environmental parameters in the enclosed goat sheds in Chongqing area, one sheep barn was selected in Youzhouwuyang breeding farm in Chongqing City in this study.The temperature, relative humidity and wind speed inside and outside the sheep barn, as well as the carbon dioxide(CO2) and ammonia(NH3) concentrations at 0.3, 0.8 and 1.3 m above the ground in the sheep barn were measured at regular intervals from April 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021 for one year.The CO2 and NH3 concentrations were also analyzed in summer(June to August 2020) and winter(December 2020 to February 2021) at different moments(07:00, 10:00, 13:00, 17:00, 20:00).The results showed that From April 2020 to March 2021, the temperature inside and outside the test sheep barn varied seasonally, with the highest temperature in August 2020 and the lowest temperature in January 2021; the relative humidity inside and outside the sheep barn remained basically high throughout the year.The wind speed outside the sheep barn was relatively high in January to March 2021, followed by July to September 2020 and lowest in April to May 2020,while the wind speed inside the sheep barn is basically maintained at a low level.The highest CO2 concentration was(768.80±57.26) mg/m~3 in January 2021(at 0.8 m from the ground); the lowest was(431.03±70.00) mg/m~3 in April(at 1.3 m from the ground).The CO2 concentration at 0.3, 0.8, and 1.3 m above ground level varied dynamically at different times in summer and winter, and the CO2 concentration at 0.8 m was higher than that at 0.3 and 1.3 m at different times.NH3 concentration was the highest in November 2020 at 0.65 mg/m~3(at 1.3 m above ground level) and the lowest in March 2021 at 0.35 mg/m~3(at 1.3 m above ground level).NH3 concentrations at 0.3, 0.8, and 1.3 m above ground level varied dynamically in summer and winter, with significant differences between the different height layers(P<0.05, except for 17:00 in summer), and NH3 concentrations at 1.3 m were higher than those at 0.3 and 0.8 m at different times.The results indicated that the temperature, relative humidity, CO2 and NH3 concentration of the enclosed high-bed sheep house showed different distribution and change rules in Chongqing area.

     

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