Abstract: Milk industry is an important industry to improve national health and ensure the healthy growth of children. It is also a pillar industry to realize the revitalization of milk industry and promote the strategy of rural revitalization. In this study, the symbiosis theory was taken as the breakthrough point, the symbiotic environment, symbiotic model and symbiotic unit were taken as the analysis unit, and the predicament of the development of the whole milk industry chain in Ningxia area was systematically analyzed in combination with the development status of the whole milk industry chain in Ningxia area. In other words, the main problems include unclear policy support orientation, serious talent gap, unreasonable industrial operation mode, unstable foundation, unbalanced industrial chain development, defective value chain integration of the development of the whole industrial chain. Then, in view of the existing problems and in combination with the symbiosis theory, this paper proposed a path for the development of the whole milk industry chain in Ningxia area to cultivate diversified symbiosis units with mutualism as the purpose, and built a continuous mutualism mode with the milk industry cluster as the carrier, to form a positive incentive symbiosis environment with innovation as the support. Finally, the author put forward policy suggestions for the development of the whole industry chain of China’s milk industry to increase policy support, strengthen scientific and technological support, and build a fair market order.