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日粮中添加大青叶提取物对雏鸡生长性能、抗氧化功能和免疫功能的影响

Effects of adding extracts from Folium Isatidis to the diet on growth performance, antioxidation function and immune function of chicks

  • 摘要: 为研究日粮中添加大青叶提取物对雏鸡生长性能、抗氧化功能和免疫功能的影响,试验选择240只1日龄健康雏鸡,随机均分为4组,分别为对照组、低剂量组、中剂量组和高剂量组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只,对照组仅饲喂基础日粮,低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组分别饲喂在基础日粮中添加30 mg/kg、 40 mg/kg、 50 mg/kg大青叶提取物的试验日粮,预试期7 d,正试期21 d;测定各组的生长性能(平均体重、平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比)、抗氧化功能血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、总超氧化物岐化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量和免疫功能免疫器官指数和血清IgA、IgG、补体3(C3)、补体4(C4)含量。结果表明:各组间不同时间(段)的平均体重和平均日增重均差异不显著(P>0.05);低、中、高剂量组在第1~7天和第1~21天的平均日采食量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);低、中、高剂量组在第1~7天的料重比均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),在第1~21天的料重比略低于对照组(P>0.05)。低、高剂量组血清T-AOC显著高于对照组(P<0.05),略高于中剂量组(P>0.05);高剂量组血清T-SOD活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),与低、中剂量组差异不显著(P>0.05);高剂量组血清GSH-Px活性显著高于其他三组(P<0.05);各组间血清MDA含量均差异不显著(P>0.05)。各组间的脾脏指数和法氏囊指数均差异不显著(P>0.05),但脾脏指数和法氏囊指数平均值均随着大青叶提取物添加量的增加而增加。低、中、高剂量组胸腺指数均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且以高剂量组为最高。高剂量组血清IgA含量略高于中剂量组(P>0.05),但显著高于低剂量组和对照组(P<0.05);高剂量组血清IgG含量显著高于其他3组(P<0.05);高剂量组血清C3含量略高于中剂量组(P>0.05),且显著高于低剂量组和对照组(P<0.05);各组间血清C4含量均差异不显著(P>0.05)。说明在雏鸡日粮中添加大青叶提取物可在一定程度上降低雏鸡的料重比,提高雏鸡抗氧化功能和免疫功能,在本试验条件下综合来看,大青叶提取物添加量为50 mg/kg的效果最好。

     

    Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of adding extracts from Folium Isatidis to the diet on growth performance, antioxidation function and immune function of chicks. A total of 240 1-day-old healthy chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group, low dose group, medium dose group and high dose group. There were 4 replicates in each group and 15 chicks in each replicate. The chicks in the blank control group was fed a basic diet, and the chicks in the low-dose group, middle-dose group and high-dose group were fed the experimental diet supplemented with 30 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of the extract from Folium Isatidis. The pre-trial period lasted for 7 days, and the trial period lasted for 21 days. The growth performance(average body weight, average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed gain ratio), antioxidant function(serum T-AOC, T-SOD and GSH-Px activities and MDA content) and immune function(immune organ index and serum IgA, IgG, complement 3 C3, complement 4 C4) were measured. The results showed that there was no significant difference in average body weight and average daily gain at different time points(periods)among the three groups(P>0.05), but the average daily feed intake in the low, middle and high dose groups was significantly lower than that in the control group on the 1 st to 7 th day and lst to 21 st day(P<0.05). The feed gain ratio in the low, middle and high-dose groups was significantly lower than that in the control group on the 1 st to 7 th day(P<0.05), and the feed gain ratio in the low, middle and high dose-groups was slightly lower than that in the control group on the 1 st to 21 st day(P>0.05).The serum T-AOC in the low-dose group and high-dose group was significantly higher than that in the control group and middle-dose group(P>0.05). The activity of serum T-SOD in the high-dose group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between high-dose group and low and middle-dose groups(P>0.05). Serum GSH-Px activity in the high-dose group was significantly higher than that in other three groups(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in MDA content among the three groups(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in spleen index and bursa index among the three groups(P>0.05). However, the spleen index and bursa index increased with the increase of Folium Isatidis extract amount.The thymus index in the low, middle and high dose groups was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05), and the thymus index in the high dose group was the highest. The content of serum IgA in the high dose group was slightly higher than that in the middle dose group(P>0.05), but significantly higher than that in the low dose group and the control group(P<0.05). The content of serum IgG in the high dose group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups(P<0.05). The content of serum C3 in the high dose group was slightly higher than that in the middle dose group(P>0.05) and significantly higher than that in low-dose group and the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in serum C4 among the three groups(P>0.05).The results indicated that the extracts from Folium Isatidis added to the diet of chicks could reduce the feed-to-weight ratio of chicks and improve the antioxidant function and immune function of chicks to some extent. Under the conditions of this experiment, the effect of 50 mg/kg extract was the best.

     

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