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基于政策工具视角的我国生猪产业政策文本量化研究

Text quantitative research on China’s live pig industry policy based on the perspective of policy tools

  • 摘要: 为进一步完善我国生猪产业政策体系,推动生猪产业发展,本研究基于政策工具视角,采用文本量化分析方法分别从政策工具类型和生猪产业链环节两个维度对2004年1月份—2021年11月份我国生猪产业148份中央政策文本进行词频分析和编码分析。结果表明:在148份中央政策文本中,出现频次最高的关键词是“生猪”(4 380次),加权百分比为2.44%;而“屠宰”“工作”“部门”“生产”“管理”“加强”“市场”“疫情”分别出现了2 553,1 668,1 510,1 217,1 072,1 054,881,828次,加权百分比分别为1.42%、0.93%、0.84%、0.68%、0.60%、0.59%、0.49%、0.46%。从148份中央政策文本中共统计得到1 537个政策工具。从政策工具类型维度来看,在1 537个政策工具中,供给型政策工具有390个,占比为25.37%;环境型政策工具有1 120个,占比为72.87%;需求型政策工具有27个,占比为1.76%。从生猪产业链维度来看,在1 537个政策工具中,仔猪繁养环节政策工具有368个,占比为23.94%;生猪养殖环节政策工具有411个,占比为26.74%;生猪屠宰加工环节政策工具有440个,占比为28.63%;流通销售环节政策工具有318个,占比为20.69%。说明目前生猪屠宰加工环节是生猪产业监管的重点环节,政府更加倾向于通过调控市场环境来促进生猪产业的发展。最后,笔者提出了以下对策建议:完善基础设施,补齐短板;加强行业组织建设,发挥行业作用;加大税收优惠,激发市场活力;制定规划目标,提供方向引导;联通国内和国际市场,实现可持续发展;打造服务型政府,加大政府对外交流。

     

    Abstract: In order to further improve the policy system of China’s live pig industry and promote its development, based on the perspective of policy tools, this study used text quantitative analysis method from two-dimensions(policy instruments types and live pig industry chain) to conduct word frequency analysis and coding analysis on 148 central policy texts of China’s live pig industry from January 2004 to November 2021. The results showed that among the 148 policy documents, the most frequent keyword was “live pig”, which appeared 4 380 times in the 148 policy documents, with a weighted percentage of 2.44%. The keywords “slaughter” “work” “department” “production” “management” “strengthening” “market” and “epidemic” appeared 2 553, 1 668, 1 510, 1 217, 1 072, 1 054, 881 and 828 times, respectively. The weighted percentages were 1.42%, 0.93%, 0.84%, 0.68%, 0.60%, 0.59%, 0.49% and 0.46%, respectively. A total of 1 537 policy instruments were obtained from 148 documents.From the dimension of type of policy instruments, among the 1 537 policy instruments, there were 390 supply policy instruments, accounting for 25.37%. There were 1 120 environmental policy instruments, accounting for 72.87%. There were 27 demand-type policy instruments, accounting for 1.76%.From the dimension of the live pig industry chain, among the 1 537 policy tools, there were 368 policy tools of breeding links of piglets, accounting for 23.94%. There were 411 policy tools of live pig breeding links, accounting for 26.74%. There were 440 policy tools of pig slaughtering and processing links, accounting for 28.63%. There were 318 policy tools of circulation and sales links, accounting for 20.69%. It indicated that the pig slaughtering and processing links were the key link of the pig industry supervision at present, and the government was more inclined to promote the development of the pig industry by regulating the market environment. Finally, the author put forward the following countermeasures and suggestions: improving the infrastructure, complement the short board, strengthening the construction of industry organization and give play to the role of industry, increasing tax incentives to stimulate market vitality, setting planning objectives and providing direction guidance, connecting domestic and international markets to achieve sustainable development, building a service-oriented government and increasing government exchanges with other countries.

     

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