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2017—2020年华北地区猪流行性腹泻病毒分子流行病学调查

Molecular epidemiological survey of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus in North China from 2017 to 2020

  • 摘要: 为了调查2017—2020年华北地区规模化猪场猪流行性腹泻(PED)流行情况,试验收集来自河北、山西、内蒙古、北京、天津等省(自治区和直辖市)的218个规模化猪场的4 030份腹泻仔猪病料样品并进行RT-PCR检测,对猪流行性腹泻病毒(PEDV)阳性样品S1基因部分片段进行扩增和测序,将测序结果与国内外参考毒株进行同源性分析并构建遗传进化树。结果表明:PED各季度都可以发生,以一季度和四季度多发。2017—2020年,样品PEDV核酸阳性率分别为20.21%、15.28%、10.88%、18.80%,总体呈逐年下降趋势,但2020年略有升高;猪场PEDV核酸阳性率分别为34.78%、28.00%、25.00%、22.73%,也呈逐年下降趋势。本研究测序毒株与以Vaccine CV777为代表的GⅠ基因型毒株的核苷酸相似性为87.9%~91.9%;与以AJ1102为代表的GⅡ基因型毒株的核苷酸相似性为95.7%~99.0%。测序的31个毒株都属于GⅡ基因型毒株,其中20株为GⅡa基因亚型,8株为GⅡb基因亚型,其余3株为GⅡc基因亚型。说明2017—2020年华北地区PED发生率总体上呈逐年降低趋势,且PEDV流行毒株均为GⅡ基因型。

     

    Abstract: In order to investigate the epidemic situation of porcine epidemic diarrhea(PED) in large-scale pig farms in North China from 2017 to 2020, the experiment collected 4 030 samples of diarrhea piglets from 218 large-scale pig farms in five provinces(autonomous regions or municipalities) of Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Beijing and Tianjin, and RT-PCR detection was carried out. Part of the S1 gene fragment of Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV)-positive samples was amplified and sequenced; homology analysis was carried out between the sequencing results and domestic and foreign reference strains and a genetic evolutionary tree was constructed. The results show that PED could occur all year round, and it occured more frequently in the first quarter and the fourth quarter. From 2017 to 2020, the PEDV nucleic acid positive rates of the samples were 20.21%, 15.28%, 10.88%, and 18.80%, respectively, showing a downward trend year by year, but slightly increased in 2020; the PEDV nucleic acid positive rates of pig farms were 34.78%, 28.00%, 25.00% and 22.73% respectively, which also showed a downward trend year by year. The nucleotide similarity of the sequencing isdate with gene GⅠ strain Vaccine CV777 was 87.9%-91.9%. The nucleotide similarity with the GⅡ genotype represented by AJ1102 was 95.7%-99.0%.31 gene sequences were obtained by sequencing belonged to GⅡ genotype strains, of which 20 strains belonged to GⅡa genotype, 8 strains belonged to GⅡb genotype, and the remaining 3 strains belonged to GⅡc genotype. The results suggested that the incidence of PED in North China was generally decreasing year by year from 2017 to 2020, and all the PEDV epidemic strains belonged to the GⅡ genotype.

     

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