Abstract: In order to understand the incidence pattern of cow endometritis in a large-scale cattle farm in northern Xinjiang region, the incidence of endometritis in dairy cows in various months, litters, milk yield, different delivery conditions and different causes of incidence were counted in the experiment during 2016—2020 in this farm, and correlation analysis was also conducted between incidence of endometritis and litters, milk yield, delivery situation and different causes. The results showed that July-September（summer） and December-January（winter） were the months with high incidence of endometritis in dairy cows. The highest average incidence of endometritis was found in 3-litter cows（49.86%）. The highest average incidence of endometritis was found in cows with milk yield ＞7 000 kg（44.05%）; the higher the milk yield, the higher the average incidence; the highest incidence of cow endometritis was found in premature cows（47.66%）. Pathogenic microorganisms were the main cause of endometritis in dairy cows. Different milk yields and different delivery conditions had very strongly and strongly positive correlations with the incidence of endometritis in dairy cows, respectively, while different litters and different causes of incidence had weakly negative correlation with the incidence of endometritis in dairy cows. Among them, summer and winter, 3 litters, high yielding cows and pathogenic microorganisms were the main causes of endometritis in dairy cows. The results suggested that in production, calving time regulation, postpartum energy supply for high yielding cows, postpartum care and disinfection for premature dairy cows should be strengthened to reduce the incidence of endometritis in cows.