Abstract: China is one of the biggest countries with biodiversity in the world, which is rich in livestock and poultry genetic resources, and is an important supplier of livestock and poultry genetic resources. Livestock and poultry genetic resources is an important embodiment of national cultural and historical heritage, and is also important strategic resources to maintain national ecological security, so that, exploitation and utilization has potential economic value, and has received great attention in recent years.The author analyzed the present situation of the protection of native chicken breed resources, summarized the protection experience and effectiveness of the National Chickens Genetic Resources（Jiangsu）, pointed out the problems of the resources protection and the development and utilization of the native chicken, discussed the conservation methods and paths of the native chicken resources, and put forward measures to further strengthen the protection of the native chicken breed resources, which also provided reference for the protection and utilization of the native chicken species in China.