Abstract: In order to explore the drug resistance and the carriage of drug resistance genes of waterfowl-derived Escherichia coli, and their correlation with plasmids, in this experiment, the K-B method was used to detect the resistance rates of 14 kinds of antimicrobial drugs among 62 strains of waterfowl-derived Escherichia coli. The 13 kinds of drug resistance genes and 18 kinds of plasmids were amplified by PCR, and the drug resistance genes were detected in the plasmid-positive strains with high detection rate. The results showed that 62 strains of waterfowl-derived E. coli had high drug resistance to amoxicillin, mezlocillin and streptomycin, with drug resistance rates of 88.7%, 74.2% and 51.6%, respectively, and had low drug resistance to amikacin and cefoperazone, with drug resistance rates of 3.2% and 1.6%, respectively. The detection rates of aac（6′）-Ib, TEM, qnrD and qnrS genotypes were high, being 66.1%, 59.7%, 46.8% and 29%, respectively. Six plasmids including IncFIA, IncFIB, IncY, IncI1, IncHI2, IncN were detected, among which the detection rate of plasmid IncFIB was the highest, being 80.6%. The detection rate of the aac（6′）-Ib gene was 72.0% and the qnrS gene detection rate was 22.0% for the IncFIB-positive strain. The results suggested that the waterfowl-derived E. coli had high drug resistance. The common drug resistance gene was mainly aac（6′）-Ib, and the common plasmid was mainly IncFIB. Plasmid IncFIB-mediated transmission of the aac（6′）-Ib gene was prevalent.