Abstract: In order to explore the structural and expression characteristics of Vrtn protein in various mouse tissues and the role of Vrtn gene in embryonic development, the properties and three-dimensional structure of mouse Vrtn protein were analyzed by bioinformatics method, and phylogenetic tree was constructed. The tissues of heart, lung, spleen, liver, kidney, thigh muscle, testis, ovary, rib of 3 adult male and 3 adult female C57BL/6 mice and 9.5 dpc embryo tissue were collected, then RNA and protein of tissues were extracted, and the expression of Vrtn gene in the above tissues was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR amplification and Western-blot analysis. The embryonic tissues of 9.5 dpc wild-type, Vrtn knockout heterozygous and homozygous mice were collected, RNA was extracted for transcriptomic sequencing, and the pathway and function of differentially expressed genes were analyzed. The results showed that Vrtn protein was a basic hydrophilic protein located in the nucleus; its functional domains were mainly composed of α helix, and was relatively conserved in mammals; the mouse Vrtn protein amino acid sequences similarity between pig and human were 71.02% and 68.99%, respectively, which was the closest to rats in evolutionary relationship. Vrtn gene was a relatively low expression gene, which was highly expressed in testis and ovaries of mice with a small amount expressed in ribs and 9.5 embryonic age tissues. A total of 209 and 1 876 differentially expressed genes between wild-type embryos and Vrtn knockout heterozygotes and homozygotes were screened out, including 38 common differentially expressed genes. 47.13% of these 38 genes were related to cell division and apoptosis. Among them, Zscan21, Becn1, Tk1, Rrp8, Macroh2a2, Ilf2 and Nphp1 were related to DNA assembly and cell mitosis; Casp6, Foxo3, Dnajc5, Ralb, Xpo1 and Alkbh5 was involved in apoptosis. These results indicated that Vrtn gene was involved in embryonic development by influencing cell division and apoptosis.