Abstract: Heavy metals are natural or man-made environmental pollutants with toxicity, non-degradability and bioaccumulation. After entering the aquatic environment, the mass concentration of heavy metals in the water will exceed the standard, leading to the disease and death of aquatic organisms such as fish. Heavy metals bring potential health risks to human through the food chain, which has always been one of the issues that need attention in the healthy development of fishery and aquaculture.Based on the current main fish modes（pond aquaculture, cage aquaculture, recirculating aquaculture systems）, this paper reviewed the distribution pattern of heavy metals in aquaculture water and cultured fish in different countries, as well as the distribution pattern and content change characteristics of heavy metals in different tissues and organs of aquacultured-fish, in order to provide reference for the selection of different fish aquaculture modes and the prevention and control of heavy metal pollution.