Abstract: Trifolium pratense L. is a species of perennial forage and medicinal plant which is rich in crude protein, crude fat, flavonoids and other substances. It also plays an important role in ecological construction. Trifolium pratense L. likes warm and humid climate and has good humidity resistance, but poor drought resistance, weak stress resistance and narrow ecological range limit its popularization and utilization in most areas of China. In this paper, the research progress of heavy metal stress, drought stress, waterlogging stress, biological stress and low temperature stress were reviewed. The physiological and molecular mechanisms of red clover in response to adversity stress were summarized in order to provide background information and theoretical reference for breeding new varieties of red clover and popularizing them in the development of grass husbandry in China in the future.