Abstract: With the large-scale development of livestock breeding, feed formula design and nutrition supply are increasingly refined and precise. Appropriate reducing of dietary crude protein level and maintaining amino acid balance can improve the protein utilization rate of livestock and poultry feed, reduce the use of protein feed raw materials, relieve the pressure of domestic soybean planting and import, and reduce production costs and environmental pollution caused by nitrogen emissions in the process of breeding. In recent years, Chinese relevant departments attached great importance to the research and development of low protein diet, and put forward a series of standards or technical specifications to promote its application in livestock production. However, laying hens are sensitive to changes in dietary protein content, so the application effect of laying hens in low protein diet is not consistent. In this paper, the effects of low protein diet on performance, egg quality, egg composition and nitrogen emission of laying hens in early laying period, peak laying period and late laying period were reviewed, in order to provide the basis for the rational application of low protein diet in laying chicken production.