Abstract: In order to study the gastrointestinal microbial composition in Valley-typed Tibet ram, rumen and rectal contents（referring to feces） samples of 10 one-year-old Valley-typed Tibet ram were collected, sample DNA was extracted respectively, and then bacterial characteristic at phylum and genus level, marker bacteria, α-diversiy and β-diversity, and bacterial functions in rumen and fecal samples were analysed by high-throughput sequencing technology of V3-V4 regions of 16S rDNA. The results showed that the number of OTU obtained from all samples was 5 383, among which 2 144 OTUs was special in rumen, 1 860 OTUs was special in feces samples, and 1 379 OTUs was shared by samples of rumen and feces.In rumen, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes and Planctomycetes were the most abundant phyla in rumen, with relative abundance of 53.2%, 34.9% and 3.1%, respectively.The dominant bacterial genera Rikenellaceae＿RC9＿gut＿group and Prevotella＿1,whose relative abundance was 13.5% and 12.0%, respectively. In feces, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia were the most abundant phyla, whose relative abundance was 47.4%, 25.3% and 16.9%, respectively.The dominant bacterial genera were Akkermansia and Christensenellaceae＿R7＿group predominated by 15.6% and 7.3%, respectively. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the marker bacteria of rumen and feces samples, and there were significant difference of α-diversity and β-diversity between rumen and feces. Carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, membrane transport and metabolism of cofactors and vitamins were the main functions. The results indicated that the rumen and feces of Valley-typed Tibet sheep had their own unique microbial composition.