Abstract: Heat stress can cause changes in physiological and biochemical reactions of the body, and the balance of oxidation-antioxidant system is destroyed, which can cause oxidative damage. Meanwhile, the body will activate the stress defense response due to adaptive regulation, including some non-specific immune indicators, gene/protein and hormone level changes. In this article, the effects of heat stress on fish were summarized from the aspects of antioxidant capacity, changes in gene/protein expression level and hormone regulation mechanism, and the application and research progress of omics technology including transcriptome, proteome, metabolome and lipid on heat stress in fish were analyzed, in order to provide theoretical reference for the study of heat stress and anti-heat stress of fish.