Abstract: In order to understand the infection situation and genetic evolution characteristics of Goose parvovirus（GPV） in Hotan area of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, in the experiment, viscera（liver and spleen） and anal swabs of dead goslings were collected from 578 geese of goose farms in Hotan, Yutian and Pishan Counties in Hotan region of Xinjiang（344 geese from Hotan County, 67 geese from Yutian County, and 167 geese from Pishan County）. The PCR method was used to detect Goose parvovirus; and two positive samples of diseased materials from Hotan County, Hotan region were randomly selected for PCR amplification and genetic evolution analysis of Goose parvovirus VP1 gene. The results showed that a total of 44 positive samples of Goose parvovirus were detected, with an overall positive rate of 7.61%（44/578）; among them, the positive rate of Goose parvovirus in Hotan County of Hotan region, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region was 12.50%（43/344）, the positive rate of Goose parvovirus in Yutian County was 1.49%（1/67）, and no Goose parvovirus was detected in Pishan County. Two random strains of goose parvovirus（XJHT-1 and XJHT-2 strains） were classical goose parvovirus.The amino acid sequence similarity of VP1 gene between the two strains of Goose parvovirus and each reference strain of Goose parvovirus, ranged from 89.5% to 95.8% and 92.1% to 97.3%, respectively, with the reference strain of Duck parvovirus VP1 gene, ranging from 76.0% to 85.4% and 78.5% to 88.7%, respectively. Among them, XJHT-1 and XJHT-2 had the highest similarity with Goose parvovirus DY16（Jiangsu, China） with the closest genetic distance of 95.8% and 97.3%, respectively; XJHT-1 had lower similarity with Goose parvovirus GD（Guangdong, China） and SD-F30（Hebei, China） with 89.5% and 89.6%, respectively; XJHT-2 showed low similarity with Goose parvovirus SHM319（Germany）, GD（Guangdong, China） and SD-F30（Hebei, China）, with 92.1%, 92.8% and 92.8%, respectively. The results indicated that the infection of Goose parvovirus existed in some goose farms in Hotan region, but the positive rate was low. The two selected strains had the highest amino acid sequence similarity with Goose parvovirus strain DY16（Jiangsu, China）, which was hypothesized to be possibly evolved from Goose parvovirus strain DY16.